Australia has confirmed its first mass mortality event among wild seabirds caused by the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus, raising concerns that the outbreak could spread further across the country’s wildlife. Laboratory testing confirmed that about 50 greater crested terns found dead near Cape Jaffa in South Australia were infected with the virus. Authorities also identified 35 sick birds, indicating active transmission within the colony.
Australian Agriculture Minister Julie Collins said the development had been anticipated since H5N1 was first detected in Australia in June. She warned that once the virus becomes established in wild bird populations, significant wildlife losses become difficult to prevent, and Australians should expect additional outbreaks in the coming weeks.
Authorities have now confirmed 74 wildlife cases across several Australian states, including South Australia, Western Australia, Queensland, New South Wales, and Victoria. Despite the spread among wild birds, officials stressed that no outbreaks have been detected on commercial poultry farms, where strict biosecurity measures remain in place.
Australia and neighboring New Zealand have spent years preparing for the arrival of H5N1 through enhanced surveillance of migratory birds, tighter farm biosecurity, vaccination programs for vulnerable species, and emergency response planning. Wildlife experts warn that seasonal bird migration could accelerate the virus’s spread to additional coastal regions and native animal populations.
Health authorities continue to describe the risk to the general public as low. Human infections remain rare and are typically linked to direct contact with infected birds or animals. Australians are being advised not to touch sick or dead birds and to report any suspected cases immediately to wildlife authorities.
Sources: Reuters, ABC Australia, Australian Department of Agriculture.
